Australia’s skilled migration initiative continues to be a fundamental aspect of the country’s immigration policy, with the program for 2025–26 set at a limit of 185,000 positions available nationwide. Skilled migrants have the opportunity to obtain either permanent or temporary residency through nominations from state and territory governments, which are designed to align with local labor market needs by utilizing specific occupation lists and eligibility requirements.

Today’s article presents an overview of the national framework governing skilled migration in Australia. It specifically highlights the two primary visa subclasses utilized by skilled workers: Subclass 190 and Subclass 491. We will delve into their respective requirements, the points assessment criteria, and the general application process involved.

Visa Pathways Overview

Subclass 190: Skilled Nominated Visa

• Provides permanent residency, enabling individuals to work and study freely across Australia.
• Requires a nomination from a state or territory government, aligned with the current demands of the labor market.
• Invitations are issued based on a points system and the alignment of occupations with state priority lists.

Subclass 491: Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) Visa

• Valid for a duration of five years, this visa can be obtained through nomination by a state or territory government or sponsorship from an eligible family member residing in a designated regional area.
• After three years, holders may qualify for permanent residency via the Subclass 191 visa.

Fundamental Eligibility Criteria for States and Territories

1. Age Requirement: Applicants should be under 45 years old at the time they receive an invitation.
2. English Language Skills: A competent level of English is required, with a minimum score of IELTS 6.0 or its equivalent.
3. Skills Evaluation: A favorable skills assessment from the relevant assessing authority for the chosen occupation is necessary.
4. Nomination from State/Territory: Candidates are required to submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) through SkillSelect and fulfill the specific nomination criteria set by the respective state or territory.
5. Points Test Minimum: A score of at least 65 points on the Australian Points Test is mandatory, although achieving a higher score can enhance the likelihood of success.

The Australian Points Test

This points system evaluates candidates based on several key criteria:

• Age (maximum of 30 points)
• Proficiency in English (up to 20 points)
• Relevant work experience (up to 20 points)
• Educational credentials (up to 20 points)
• Completion of an Australian study requirement (5 points)
• Possession of a specialist educational qualification (10 points)
• Regional study or employment (up to 15 points)
• Skills and work experience of a partner (up to 10 points)
• Participation in a professional year in Australia (5 points)

It’s important to note that candidates applying to various states can benefit from different weighting of these factors. For instance, in some states, regional study or work may be particularly advantageous under the Subclass 491 pathways.

State and Territory Skilled Occupation Lists

Each state and territory government maintains its own occupation list, reflecting local economic priorities and labor shortages. These lists determine which occupations are eligible for nomination and often differ from the national Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).

For example:

• New South Wales (NSW) emphasizes technology, healthcare, and engineering roles to support Sydney’s growing sectors.
• Victoria focuses heavily on healthcare, construction, renewable energy, and digital industries.
• Western Australia (WA) prioritizes mining, energy, and engineering occupations.
• Tasmania and Northern Territory have wider regional lists boosting opportunities for Subclass 491 applicants willing to live in less populous areas.

Application Process Overview

1. Skills EvaluationSecure a favorable skills evaluation pertinent to your profession from the appropriate national assessing authority. Different professions have specific authorities, such as Engineers Australia for engineers, AHPRA for healthcare professionals, and ACS for information and communication technology specialists.
2. Expression of Interest (EOI)Submit your EOI through the SkillSelect portal managed by the Department of Home Affairs, specifying your chosen occupation, preferred state, and visa category.
3. Application for State or Territory NominationAfter confirming the specific nomination requirements—such as minimum points, relevant work experience in the state, or connections to the region—submit your application for nomination to your preferred state or territory.
4. Receive Invitation and Submit Visa ApplicationUpon receiving a nomination, you will receive an invitation to apply for the visa. Ensure that you complete your visa application within 60 days, including all necessary medical, character, and supporting documentation.

Strategic Insights to Improve Your Migration Opportunities

• Investigate State-Specific Focus Areas: States frequently revise their lists and points criteria in response to labor market demands and economic projections. Keep yourself informed about these updates.
• Explore Regional Pathways: The Subclass 491 visa promotes skilled migration to regional locations, often offering extra points and a straightforward route to permanent residency.
• Optimize Your Points: Boost your English language skills, engage in recognized educational programs in Australia, or acquire more skilled work experience to elevate your score.
• Incorporate Your Partner: If relevant, your partner’s qualifications can contribute significant points and enhance the strength of your application.

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Key Takeaway

Australia’s skilled migration program provides a variety of adaptable routes to achieve permanent residency and engage in regional employment, designed to align with both national and local labor needs. It is essential for prospective migrants to grasp the details of the Subclass 190 and 491 visa categories, the points assessment system, and the specific nomination criteria set by different states and territories.

Being thoroughly prepared and knowledgeable about your occupation’s eligibility across Australia’s regions significantly enhances your chances of success in this competitive program, which has a limit of 185,000 places for the 2025–26 period.

If you need assistance in determining your next move, don’t hesitate to contact our team for personalised guidance and support. We commit to help you navigate the process with assurance and clarity.

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POSTED: 10 Sep, 2025

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